Papers, 1840-1937, 1977.

Garland, Hamlin, 1860-1940

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Hamlin Garland, also known as Hannibal Hamlin Garland, (born September 14, 1860, West Salem, Wisconsin – died March 4, 1940, Hollywood, California), an author who put his own part of the country on the literary map, is best remembered by the title he gave his autobiography, Son of the Middle Border. Gaining his spurs with a successful collection of grimly naturalistic 'down home' stories in 1891, Garland came to prominence just as the "frontier" mentality was losing out to the waves of settlemen...

James, William, 1842-1910

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William James (born January 11, 1842, New York City – died August 26, 1910, Tamworth, New Hampshire) was the preeminent American philosopher of his day. His reinterpretations of psychology and pragmatism were among his major contributions to world thought, and his work continues to reward study and inspire analysis. ...

Muir, John, 1838-1914

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John Muir (born April 21, 1838, Dunbar, Scotland – died December 24, 1914, Los Angeles, California), Scottish-born American naturalist, author, and early advocate of preservation of wilderness in the United States. His letters, essays, and books telling of his adventures in nature, especially in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, have been read by millions. His activism helped to preserve the Yosemite Valley, Sequoia National Park and other wilderness areas. The Sierra Club, which h...

Addams, Jane, 1860-1935

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Social reformer; founder of Hull House settlement, Chicago. From the description of Letter: Hull-House, Chicago, to Louis J. Keller, Chicago, 1912 May 13. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 26496308 From the description of Letter: Hull-House, Chicago, to Paul M. Angle, Springfield, Ill., 1932 June 24. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 26496294 Founder of Hull House in Chicago. From the description of Cor...

Berger, Victor L. (Victor Luitpold), 1860-1929

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Victor Luitpold Berger (February 28, 1860 – August 7, 1929) was an Austrian American socialist politician and journalist who was a founding member of the Social Democratic Party of America and its successor, the Socialist Party of America. Born in the Austrian Empire, Berger immigrated to the United States as a young man and became an important and influential socialist journalist in Wisconsin. He helped establish the so-called Sewer Socialist movement. Also a politician, in 1910, he was elected...

Darrow, Clarence S. (Clarence Seward), 1857-1938

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Clarence Seward Darrow, prominent Chicago trial lawyer, was born in Kinsman, Ohio on April 18, 1857. He attended Allegheny College, after which he studied one year at the University of Michigan Law School. He then worked as a lawyer in Youngstown, and was admitted to the Ohio Bar in 1878. He practiced in Ohio for nine years, before moving to Chicago, where he practiced privately before being appointed assistant corporation counsel for the City of Chicago. For four years he served as Chi...

Gompers, Samuel, 1850-1924

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Samuel Gompers (1850-1924) was President of the American Federation of Labor and a member of the President's First Industrial Conference in 1919. He was a member of the President's Unemployment Conference in 1921. ...

Hale, Edward Everett, 1822-1909

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Edward Everett Hale (1822-1909) was an American author and Unitarian minister. Hale was involved in many social reform movements, including abolition and popular education. He is best known for his 1863 short story, "The Man Without a Country," which promoted patriotic support of the Union. From the guide to the Edward Everett Hale Letters, 1884-1897, (Special Collections Research Center, Syracuse University Libraries) ...

Willard, Frances E. (Frances Elizabeth), 1839-1898

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Best known for her leadership (1879-1898) of the influential Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Willard also supported and often spearheaded a wide variety of social reforms, including woman suffrage, economic equality, and fair labor laws. Willard gained an international reputation through her speeches and publications. She was the first woman to be honored with a statue in the U.S Capitol building, and her Evanston home was one of the first house museums to in the country. ...

Shaw, Bernard, 1856-1950

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Born in Dublin, Ireland, on July 26, 1856, George Bernard Shaw was the only son and third and youngest child of George Carr and Lucinda Elizabeth Gurly Shaw. Though descended from landed Irish gentry, Shaw's father was unable to sustain any more than a facade of gentility. Shaw's official education consisted of being tutored by an uncle and briefly attending Protestant and Catholic day schools. At fifteen Shaw began working as a bookkeeper in a land agent's office which required him t...

Debs, Eugene V. (Eugene Victor), 1855-1926

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Eugene Victor "Gene" Debs (November 5, 1855 – October 20, 1926) was an American socialist, political activist, trade unionist, one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and five times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States. Through his presidential candidacies as well as his work with labor movements, Debs eventually became one of the best-known socialists living in the United States. Early in his political career, Debs...

Mead, Edwin D. (Edwin Doak), 1849-1937

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Boston lecturer and writer on social and historical topics; Editor of the New England Magazine (1889-1901). From the description of Edwin Doak Mead letter to Mrs. Leland and Christmas card [manuscript], 1911 Dec 19 and n.d. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 299067309 Epithet: of Boston, Mass., USA; founder of the World Peace Federation British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000220.0x0002fa ...

People's Party

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Leyen, Alfred Friedrich von der, 1844- .

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Lloyd, Henry Demarest, 1847-1903

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Bellamy, Edward, 1850-1898

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Epithet: novelist British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000001164.0x000029 Edward Bellamy was born in Massachusetts and was working as a journalist in 1888 when he published his most famous work, "Looking Backward: 2000-1887," a popular utopian romance. Bellamy devoted his life to promoting the ideas of non-revolutionary socialist reform through the Nationalist Party and his journal, THE NEW NATION. In 1897 Bellamy penn...

Burroughs, John, 1837-1921

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American naturalist and writer. From the description of Poem 1917. (Denver Public Library). WorldCat record id: 49995946 One of America's great naturalist authors. From the description of Memorabilia, 1905-1931. (Hartwick College). WorldCat record id: 27057683 American teacher, naturalist, poet, and essayist of national prominence. Friend of Walt Whitman; influenced by Thoreau, Carlyle, and Emerson. Employed accurate observations of nature, scientific re...

Davidson, Thomas, 1840-1900

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Thomas Davidson: taught Latin and Greek in Tunbridge Wells and Wimbledon, England, 1863-1866; taught and became a principal in the public school system of St. Louis, beginning in 1868; active in circle of Hegelian philosophers in St. Louis; in 1875 moved to Boston and became freelance writer and teacher at private schools; from 1878-1884 spent much time in Italy in close contact with the Rosminian order; in 1883 founded the Fellowship of the New Life in London; later founded a Breadwinners' Coll...

Hobson, J. A. (John Atkinson), 1858-1940

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Epithet: Consul at Venice British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000626.0x00015c ...

Bemis, Edward Webster, 1860-1930

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Washington, Booker T., 1856-1915

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Booker T. Washington was an African American educator and public figure. Born a slave on a small farm in Hale's Ford, Virginia, he worked his way through the Hampton Institute and became an instructor there. He was the first principal of the Tuskegee Institute, and under his management it became a successful center for practical education. A forceful and charismatic personality, he became a national figure through his books and lectures. Although his conservative views concerned many critics, he...

Keenan, Henry F. (Henry Francis), 1850-

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Tarbell, Ida M. (Ida Minerva), 1857-1944

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Ida M. Tarbell was an investigative journalist best known from her The History of the Standard Oil Company published in 1904. She wrote for American Magazine, which she also co-owned and co-edited, from 1906 to 1915. From the guide to the Ida M. Tarbell papers, 1916-1930, (Ohio University) Historian, journalist, lecturer, and muckraker, (Allegheny College, A.B., 1880). For further information, see Notable American Women (1971). From the description of The nationa...

Herron, George Davis, 1862-1925

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Congregational minister, educator, journalist, and socialist. One of the prime movers in founding the Rand School of Social Science. From the description of Papers, 1905-1922. (New York University). WorldCat record id: 17268928 American clergyman and lecturer; unofficial adviser to President Woodrow Wilson. From the description of George Davis Herron papers, 1916-1927. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 754868095 One of the prime movers in the f...

Strong, Josiah, 1847-1916

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Clarke, William Travis, 1829-1883

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Webb, Sidney, 1859-1947

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British socialist and economist. He and his wife, Beatrice, were early members of the Fabian Society. From the description of [Letter, 19]29 Feb. 9, Passfield Corner, Liphook, Hants. [to] Esther Lowenthal / Sidney Webb. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 464289622 Author and activist Sidney Webb, along with his wife Beatrice, was an influential force for social reform in Great Britain. A brilliant student, he earned a law degree and held political aspirations. He was won o...

Swinton, John, 1829-1901

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John Swinton (1829-1901) was a journalist, social reformer, and crusader in the field of labor relations. He was born in Scotland and moved with his parents first to Canada and later to New York, N.Y. He was a journeyman printer, manager of the Lawrence, Kan., Republican, 1856-1857, and studied law and medicine before the Civil War. From 1860 to 1870 he was chief of the editorial staff of the New York Times, having been employed by Henry J. Raymond. He was later connected with the Sun, John Swin...

Howells, William Dean, 1837-1920

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Carolyn Wells published under the pseudonym Rowland Wright. From the description of Autograph postcard signed from W.D. Howells to Carolyn Wells, Rahway [manuscript], 19th or 20th century. (Folger Shakespeare Library). WorldCat record id: 694525270 Author, editor, critic. From the description of Letters chiefly to Alexander? Black [manuscript] 1888-1919. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 647943111 William Dean Howells was an American novelist...

Altgeld, John Peter, 1847-1902

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Illinois governor, 1893-1897. From the description of Legal documents, 1894-1896. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 26496721 From the description of Letter: Springfield, Ill., to John R. Tanner, 1897 Jan. 10. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 26507504 From the description of Legal document: order for arrest and extradition of a fugitive, 1895 Nov. 4. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 26507...

Wright, Carroll Davidson, 1840-1909

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Carroll D. Wright was chief of the Massachusetts Bureau of Statistics of Labor, 1873-1888; President of the National Convention of Chiefs and Commissioners of Bureaus of Statistics of Labor, 1883-1903; and the first U.S. Commissioner of Labor, 1885-1905. For additional information see: "Wright, Carroll Davidson." Dictionary of American Biography, Vol. 20, p. 544. From the description of Carroll D. Wright, selected writings, 1878-1901. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id:...

Bowles, Samuel, 1826-1878

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Bowles was an American journalist and publisher. From the description of Letter, a portrait, and newspaper clippings, 1872-ca. 1878. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 80880580 Samuel Bowles was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, on February 9, 1826. He was the editor of the daily edition of the Springfield Republican from 1844 to 1878. Noted for his willingness to comment on matters of political corruption, he was the subject of a libel suit. Bowles was involved with the Liber...

Gladden, Washington, 1836-1918

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Congregational clergyman, author, and lecturer. From the description of Washington Gladden papers, 1884-1894. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 145435826 From the guide to the Washington Gladden papers, 1884-1894, (L. Tom Perry Special Collections) American Congregational minister and social reformer, as well as the author of many books and hymns. From the description of Washington Gladden letters to Riverside Press [manuscript], 1899 Oct 2 and 7. (Universi...

Salter, William Mackintire, 1853-1931

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Leader of Chicago Ethical Society; Unitarian minister; author. From the description of Papers, 1883-1907. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 155489159 ...

Rockefeller, John D. (John Davison), 1839-1937

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John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) was born in Richford, New York to William Avery Rockefeller and Eliza Davison. In 1853, he moved with his family to Cleveland, Ohio where he studied bookkeeping. With partner Maurice B. Clark, Rockefeller built an oil refinery in 1863 and bought out his partner two years later. In 1864, he married Laura Celestia “Cettie” Spelman, with whom he had four children. Two years later, Rockefeller joined his brother William to establish Rockefeller, Andrews, & Flagler, wh...

Stewart, Ethelbert, 1857-1936

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Ethelbert Stewart (1857-1936) of Illinois was a pioneer in the field of labor statistics. A longtime employee of the United States Labor Department, Stewart also founded and edited labor newspapers. He served as the commissioner of labor for Illionis, chief of the United States Labor Bureau, chief of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1920-1932, and statistical advisor to the United States Tariff Board. From the guide to the Ethelbert Stewart Papers, ., 1884-1933, (University of North C...

Sterne, Simon, 1839-1901

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Simon Sterne was a United States lawyer and economist. He was particularly known for his work in the areas of real estate and constitutional law. A vocal advocate for the reform of municipal government, he was elected secretary of the Committee of Seventy in 1870. In 1876 he was appointed by Governor Samuel J. Tilden to a commission to devise a plan for the government of cities, and in 1879, as counsel for the New York Board of Trade and Transportation, he spearheaded an investigation into abuse...

Morgan, T. J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1839-1902

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Morgan was professor of Church history in the Baptist Union Theological Seminary, Chicago, later University of Chicago Divinity School. From the description of [Letter] 1877 Feb. 11, Chicago to J.A. Broadus / T.J. Morgan. 1877. (SBTS Library). WorldCat record id: 48463057 ...

Ely, Richard T. (Richard Theodore), 1854-1943

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Epithet: American economist British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000980.0x000366 Richard T. Ely received his undergraduate degree from Columbia University and his doctorate in economics from the University of Heidelberg. He held the professorship of economics at Johns Hopkins University from 1881 to 1892, and was subsequently professor of economics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Ely took an active part in t...

George, Henry, 1862-1916

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Pomeroy, Eltweed, 1860-

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Editor, manufacturer, and socialist leader. From the description of Papers of Eltweed Pomeroy, 1893-1912. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79870710 ...